LOS ANGELES COUNTY SHERIFF'S DEPARTMENT
FIELD OPERATIONS, SERGEANT
1820-31770
I. SEARCH AND SEIZURE LEGAL UPDATE
A. SEARCH AND SEIZURE:
1. Standing
B. LAWS OF ARREST:
1. Detentions:
2. Private person’s arrest:
C. DETENTION CATEGORIES:
1. Investigation based on reasonable Suspicion:
2. Officer safety:
3. Stop and detain based on anonymous source.
4. Unusual circumstances.
5. Factual nexus between the seizure and the unlawful conduct.
6. A ruse may render a detention unlawful - invalid consent search.
7. Running, by itself, does not justify a detention.
8. Detaining an occupant for a parking violation.
9. Arrest.
D. CONSENSUAL ENCOUNTERS:
1. Free to leave.
2. Consent tested on an objective belief standard.
E. PAT SEARCHES:
1. Reasonable suspicion:
2. A detention, by its self, does not justify a pat search.
3. Companion search – Close physical association.
4. Presence of drugs immediately apparent during pat search.
5. Hostility directed toward an officer.
F. VEHICLE STOP:
1. Officer’s subjective belief.
2. Pretext stops
3. Ordering the driver out
4. Ordering passengers in or out of a vehicle
5. Detaining passengers
6. Demanding identification
7. Failing to present satisfactory evidence of identity
8. Stopping cars for seat belt violations
G. VEHICLE SEARCHES:
1. Six ways in which a vehicle may be searched:
2. Inventory searches
3. Searches incident to an arrest
4. Probable cause search:
5. Consent search:
6. Protective vehicle search:
7. Instrumentality search:
H. PAROLE AND PROBATION SEARCHES:
1. Parolee searches:
2. Challenging a probation search.
3. Associating with probationers – expectation of privacy restricted.
4. Invalidating a probation search.
I. RAMEY RULES AND PROCEDURES:
1. Entering a residence to arrest.
2. Use of subterfuge to induce suspect to exit the location.
3. Entering the residence of someone other than the arrestee.
4. Compliance with knock and notice requirements.
5. Knock and notice - entry refused.
J. PLAIN VIEW SEIZURES:
1. Lawfully at the observation point.
2. Searching entire room based on plain sight.
3. Lawful access to the evidence.
4. Warrant less searches of residence - plain view.
K. CONSENT SEARCH:
1. Consent - free and voluntary given.
2. Consent regarding locked containers.
L. EXIGENT CIRCUMSTANCES:
1. Warrant less entry based on an exigency.
2. Exigencies created by the police.
M. MIRANDA REQUIREMENTS:
1. Custodial interrogation - Miranda warnings required.
2. Deliberately ignoring the suspect’s Miranda invocation.
3. The cost of going outside Miranda.
N. SEARCH AND SEIZURE UPDATE:
1. Update current case law.
II. RISK MANAGMENT
A. OBJECTIVE:
1. Personnel Investigations
B. STRUCTURE OVERVIEW OF THE CHANGING ENVIORNMENT:
1. Civil Litigations
2. Complaints
3. Structure
C. ADMINISTRATIVE INVESTIGATIONS:
1. 832.5 PC
2. Sources
3. Handling
4. Criminal/Civil
5. Routing
6. PC Sections
D. SUPERVISORY INQUIRY:
1. Sources
2. Course of Action
3. Government Codes
4. Punitive Action
5. Investigation
E. WATCH COMMANDERS RESPONSIBILITIES:
1. Investigations
2. Resolutions
3. Attorneys and Litigations
4. Problems
5. Civilian Participation
F. CONDUCTING THE ADMINISTRATIVE INVESTIGATION:
1. Complaint Review
2. Familiarization
3. Questioning
4. History
G. THE INTERVIEW:
1. Advantages and Disadvantages
2. Order of Interview
3. Summarization
H. SUBJECT INTERVIEWS:
1. Sworn Subjects Rights
2. Representatives
3. Overall Procedures
I. INTERVIEWING SKILLS:
1. Objectives
2. Specifications
3. Intimidation
4. Team Up
5. Style
J. DISPOSITION WORKSHEETS:
1. Bail Schedule
K. RESIGNATIONS:
1. Rules
2. Regulations
3. Paperwork
L. GUIDELINES FOR DISCIPLINE/CASE REVIEW:
1. Guidelines for Discipline
2. Civil Service Jurisdiction
3. Dispositions
4. Miscellaneous
M. PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS AND TRAINING:
1. Incident Generated Response
2. PSTD Response
3. IAB Response
4. Roll Out Teams
N. COMMANDERS REVIEW:
1. Review Committee Options
2. Training Issues
A. INTRODUCTION TO PATROL TACTICS:
1. Pedestrian Stops
2. Bike Stops
3. Vehicle Stops/Felony Traffic Stop
B. SHOW VIDEO (GUN TO HEAD/902A):
1. Group Breakout (Flip Charts)
2. Group Teach Back
3. Class Discussion
C. SHOW VIDEO (OFFICER DOWN):
1. Group Breakout (Flip Charts)
2. Group Teach Back
3. Class Discussion
D. SHOW VIDEO (PALMDALE/LANCASTER 11550 CONTACT/LESS
LETHAL).
1. Group Breakout (Flip Charts)
2. Group Teach Back
3. Class Discussion
1. Scoop or Don’t Scoop
2. Mike Arruda/Jerry Ortiz
F. CLASS DISCUSSION:
1. Communication
2. Deployment
3. Contingency Planning
4. Response Team
5. Command Post
A. INTRODUCTION OF THE CRIME LAB:
1. All Sections (Trace and Biology will be in more detail)
B. TRACE EVIDENCE:
1. Introduction
2. Examination results
3. Impressions
4. Physical Patterns
5. Physical and Chemical Properties
6. Gun Shot Residue (GSR)
7. Arson/Explosives
8. Hairs/Fibers
9. Paint
C. BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE AND ANALYSIS:
1, What is DNA?
2. Biological evidence as physical evidence 3. Short Tandem Repeats (STR’s)
4. Steps of DNA analysis
5. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
6. Current STR kit
7. DNA analysis
8. Statistics
D. CODIS:
1. Combined DNA Index System
2. CODIS Databases (Two sides)
3. Two types of CODIS hits
4. Important CODIS information for investigators
5. Persons who qualify for DNA sample collection
6. Is a person of interest in the CO database?
7. Local suspect DNA database
8. Familial Searching
1. Management
2. Team Players
3. Documentation
4. Physical Evidence
5. Presumptive Testing
6. Search Techniques
7. Evidence Handling
A. INTRODUCTION :
1. LASD Historical
B. LAWS GOVERNING VEHICLE PURSUITS:
1. 17001 CVC – “A public entity is liable for death or injury to person or property
proximately caused by a negligent or wrongful act or omission in the operation of
any motor vehicle….”
2. 17004 CVC – “a public employee is not liable for civil damages on account of
personal injury or death of any person or damage to property resulting from the operation,
in the line of duty, of an authorized emergency vehicle while responding to an emergency
call, or while in immediate pursuit…”
3. 17004.7 CVC – Provides immunity to public agencies from liability for the actions of a
suspect during the course of a pursuit provided that the policy meets the requirements of
the code and that the agency has met specified training requirements.
4. 21055 CVC – Provides exemption from specified provisions of the Vehicle Code
primarily Rules of the Road) for vehicles operating Code-3.
5. 21056 CVC – Imposes “the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons…..”
When operating under CVC 21055.
C. SIGNIFICANT COURT DECISIONS CONCERNING PURSUITS:
1. Colvin v. City of Gardena (11 Cal. App. 4th 1270) (1992)
2. County of Sacramento v. Lewis (523 U.S. 833) (1998)
3. Cruz v. Briseno (22 Cal. 4th 568) (2000)
4. Nguyen v. City of Westminster (103 Call. App. 4th 1161) (2002)
5. Scott V. Harris (127 S. Ct. 1769) (2007)
D. CODE THREE OPERATIONS
1. Definitions
E. PURSUIT POLICY
1. Changes made effective July 1, 2007
2. Purpose and Philosophy
3. What is a “Pursuit”?
4. Initiation of a pursuit
5. Pursuit-rated vehicles
6. Termination of a pursuit
7. Conduct of a pursuit
8. Interagency Pursuits
F. PURSUITS – THE HANDLING AND ASSISTING UNITS
1. “Adrenaline” and its effects
2. “Tunnel Vision”
G. PURSUITS – THE FIELD SERGEANT
1. Management of resources
2. Documentation
H. PURSUITS – THE WATCH COMMANDER
1. Cold Line communications with SCC
2. “10-22" or “Let it go” decisions
I. PRACTICAL APPLICATION
1. INTERACTIVE ROLE PLAYING
VI. CRITICAL INCIDENTS SITUATIONAL PLANNING
A. UNDERSTAND THE INITIAL POLICE RESPONSE
1. Command responsibility
2. First responders have a responsibility to establish on-scene command and set
Up a field command post, request necessary personnel and equipment.
3. To accomplish this, the supervisor should:
4. Types of situations and barricades:
5. Location types
6. FTO and trainee response
B. RECOGNIZE THE FACTORS UPON ARRIVAL AT SCENE
1. Determine best approach
2. Drive safely into area
3. Scan area for danger signs
4. Vehicle position, wait for back up
5. Detain persons, relay information
6. Field training member’s responsibilities
C. IMPORTANCE OF SITUATION RISK ASSESSMENT
1. This information may be developed by the first deputy at the scene and should
Include:
a. Type of barricade
1. Suspect, location information
b. Information obtained from informant, victim, witness, etc.
c. Type of structures and area size
d. Contact suspect
e. Number of additional deputies required
f. Field command Post location
g. Assistance required i.e. ambulance, fire, etc.
h. Number and type of casualties/injuries
i. Notifications
D. RECOGNIZE OTHER FACTORS TO CONSIDER
1. Hostages, mobility
2. Weapons, intoxication
3. Shots fired, injuries
4. Liability, risk
5. Potential training opportunities
E. IDENTIFY CONTAINMENT AND ISOLATION ISSUES
1. Inner and outer perimeter
2. FTO and trainee containment assignments
3. Escape routes and air coverage
4. Cover and concealment
F. IMPORTANCE OF FIELD COMMAND POST SITE SELECTION FACTORS
1. Strategically located to incident (safe location)
2. Accessible to responding personnel
3. Sufficient space for responding personnel and equipment
4. Communications capabilities (telephones, radios, etc.)
5. Potential command post sites might include
a. Parking lot, briefing location
b. Restrooms, storage
c. Electricity, shelter
d. Water, food
6. Establish command post
G. UNDERSTAND INTELLIGENCE GATHERING
1. Sketch of location and plan
2. Description of persons involved
3. Criminal background
H. EXPLAIN COMMAND POST FACTORS
1. Notifications and request personnel
2. FTO and trainee roles
3. Assign and delegate duties to staff
4. Radio communications
5. Isolation of area
6. Other field training factors
I. METHODS IN TAKING ACTION TO END BARRICADE
1. Tactics options to enter, contain, prevent escape
2. Use of less lethal and distractions, resources, equipment
3. Arrest team, take down team, etc.
4. SEB handles the operation
5. Other tactics and strategies
J. POST OPERATION CONTROL
1. Evidence, arrests, reports, briefing, etc.
2. Other post operations issues.
VII. NOTIFICATION RESPONSIBILITIES
A. OBJECTIVES AND OUTLINE
1. To familiarize participants with Department Policy as it pertains to
mandatory Notifications and Activation of Shooting/Force Roll-Out teams.
2. To instruct participants in their responsibilities as supervisors and
Manager’s as those responsibilities pertain to Mandatory Notifications
and Shooting/Force Roll-Out incidents.
3. To familiarize participants with IABs level of involvement and processes
in force incidents, including Mandatory Notifications and Shooting/Force
Roll-Out’s.
4. To familiarize participants with their supervisory and managerial duties in
the field and stations in both shooting and force roll-outs situations.
5. To familiarize participants with the Executive Force Review process and
its relation to IAB roll-outs.
B. METHODS AND SEQUENCE
1. Introduction
2. Mandatory Notifications
3. Force Roll-Outs
4. Shooting Roll-Outs
5. Immediate Investigations
6. EFRC Review Process
C. EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES NEEDED
1. Laptop computer with Microsoft Power Point compatibility and A/V projector
2. Dry-Erase board and markers
D. STUDENT MATERIALS
1. Note-taking material
E. INSTRUCTOR MATERIALS
1. PowerPoint presentation
2. Video(s) of select incident(s)
VIII. SEB/ K-9 / ACTIVE SHOOTER LECTURE
A. TYPES OF CRITICAL INCIDENTS
1. Armed barricaded suspects
2. Hostage situations
3. Active shooters
4. Pre-planning for tactical events
5. Applies to all critical incidents, not just tactical (fires, floods, earthquake)
B. CONTAINMENT
1. Appropriate for problem
2. Cover vs. Concealment
3. Plot and diagram
4. Use aero to tighten or review containment
5. Immediate deployment
C. ARREST TEAM
1. Multiple functions
2. Prevents containment from breaking down
3. Should have supervisor (sergeant or training officer)
4. Designate responsibilities
D. CRISIS ENTRY TEAM
1. A must for hostage situation, pending the arrival of SEB
2. Personnel and equipment
E. COMMAND AND CONTROL
1. Command post
2. Designate scribe and radioman
3. Make effort to get suspect to come out
4. Consider option of CNT
5. Use SEB Lieutenant as resource to help solve problem
6. Get warrant started asap
7. Review new barricaded suspect checklist WHEN THINGS CALM DOWN
F. COMMUNICATE AND COORDINATE
1. Safe route to c/p, direct route and when to shut down Code 3
2. Constant updates
G. INTELLIGENCE GATHERING
1. Handling deputy
2. Family of suspect
3. Neighbors can also provide intel
H. EVACUATIONS
1. How big??
2. Do them if you safely can
3. Get the address if you do them
4. Have a place for evacs to go
5. Shelter in place and refusals
I. INCIDENT CONCLUSION AND CRITIQUE
1. Tempo (be prepared to get busy)
2. Maintain containment
3. Protect crime scene
4. Debrief or critique
J. WEAPONS
1. AR15
2. Shotgun
3. Arwen or SL6
4. Breaching Tools
5. Shields
K. CRITICAL INCIDENT DEBRIEF
1. Jake Kuredjian
IX. FORCE ISSUES LECTURE
A. LANDMARK CASES
1. Graham vs. Conner
2. Tenn. vs. Garner
B. SITUATIONAL USE OF FORCE OPTIONS CHART
1. Cooperative
2. Resistive
3. Assaultive / High Risk
4. Life threatening, serious bodily injury
C. STRIKING CHART
1. Green areas
2. Yellow areas
3. Red areas
4. Impact weapons
5. Personal weapons
6. Striking chart applies to
D. GAINING SAFE CONTROL
1. Escalation
2. De-escalation
3. An unarmed suspect
4. Three types of control
E. CITIZEN CONTACTS
1. Consensual
2. Detention (reasonable suspicion Terry vs. Ohio 1968)
3. Arrest (probable cause)
F. LEGAL STANDING
1. Department Policy
2. State Law
3. Federal Law
4. Case Law
G. DEPLOYING LESS LETHAL WEAPONS
1. Force options chart
2. Weapons types
3. M-26 Taser
4. Potential liability saving with less lethal.
H. REPORTABLE FORCE
1. Significant
2. Less significant
I. SERGEANT RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Significant force
2. Less significant
J. MEDICAL TREATMENT
1. Suspect shall be transported to a medical facility when:
K. FORCE REVIEW PACKAGE
1. What shall be included:
2. Mandatory PTD notification
X. WMD/INCIDENT PLANNIG
A. TERRORISM
1. Foreign
2. Domestic
B. TARGETS
1. Critical infrastructure
2. Critical Assets
3. Symbolic
C. RESPONSE ACTIONS
1. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosive Hazards
(CBRNE)
2. Personal Protective Equipment
D. TERRORIST REPORTING PROCEDURES
1. Regional Terrorist Threat Assessment Centers (RTTAC)
2. Joint Regional Intelligence Center (JRIC)
XI. LESS LETHAL WEAPONS
A. ARWEN 37 MM WEAPON SYSTEM
1. Description
2. Classification
3. Weapon Specifications
4. Department Policy and Procedures
5. Tactical Deployment and Considerations
6. Warnings and Less-Lethal Force
B. SAGE SL-6 37 MM WEAPON SYSTEM
1. Description
2. Classification
3. Weapon Specifications
4. Department Policy and Procedures
5. Tactical Deployment and Considerations
C. SAGE SL-1 37 MM WEAPON SYSTEM
1. Description
2. Classification
3. Weapon Specifications
4. Department Policy and Procedures
5. Tactical Deployment and Considerations
D. 12 GAUGE “STUNBAG” SHOTGUN
1. Description
2. Classification
3. Cartridge Specifications
4. Department Policy and Procedures
5. Tactical Deployment and considerations
E. 552-1 STING BALL GRENADE
1. Description
2. Classifications
3. Weapon Specifications
4. Department policy and Procedures
5. Tactical Deployment and Considerations
F. M-26 ADVANCED TASER
1. Description
2. Classification
3. Weapon Specifications
4. Department Policy and Procedures
G. LESS LETHAL DEPLOYMENT APPLICATION
XII. CRITICAL INCIDENT SCENARIOS
A. Brief class Re: practical exercise and send them to the
predetermined staging area.
XIII. AERO BUREAU
A. AERO BUREAU OVERVIEW
1. Patrol
2. Rescue
3. Surveillance
4. Transportation
5. Photo missions
6. Pilot training / Recurrence
J. APPLICATION
1. The class will be divided into three separate groups.
2. Each group will have a map written on a flip chart. The map
will have a box indicating where a deputy was in foot pursuit
and lost the suspect. The box will have an arrow pointing in the
direction the suspect was last seen running.
3. Each group will work together to show where they would put
the initial deputy as well as responding deputies in a tactical
containment.