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Training Bureau Material / Emergency Vehicle Operation Center (EVOC) Material

Training Simulators


Driver Awareness Instructor
Alternative to Discipline Driving

 

  1. Introduction/Registration
     
  2. Training Philosophy                                                                                     I (a)
  1. Goals
  1. Reduce collisions
  2. Reduce liability costs
  3. Improve safety
  4. Create positive attitude towards vehicle operations
  5. Improve driving skills
  6. Improve decision-making ability
  1. Training is not “skills” intensive
     
  1. Simulator Introduction
  1. Equipment
  1. 5 screens - 180º field of view
  2. Seat adjustment
  3. Seat belt
  4. Steering wheel (caster recovery)
  5. Ignition (starts simulator)
  6. Horn/siren
  7. Gauges/switches (similar to Crown Victoria)
  8. On-screen digital speedometer and compass
  9. Brakes (ABS)
  10. Radio with P.A.
  11. Emergency lighting controls
  1. Rotating lights switch activates emergency lighting
  2. Mode switch activates siren
     
  1. Fundamentals of Simulator Vehicle Control                                                 I (b,c,d,g)
  1. Vehicle/Driver Orientation
  1. Scan all screens to develop good habits
  2. Look left and right at intersections
  3. Reference points
  1. Hood of vehicle covering far crosswalk line is a proper stop
  2. Compass at gutter for legal parking
  3. Right/left turns – use mirrors to “guide” along curbs
  1. Vehicle “feel” created by:
  1. Seat speaker vibration for “road feel”                                                                            1
  2. Steering recovery “caster” out of turns                                                              
  3. Visual feedback matching driver actions
  1. Vehicle Control Techniques                                                                              I (g)
  1. Steering
  1. Two hand method (shuffle steering)
  2. Smooth operation (steady wheel)
  3. Soft grip
  1. Speed judgment
  1. Digital speedometer
  2. Broken yellow line
  3. Movement of objects
  4. Weight transfer
  1. Road position
  1. Use proper driving line (center of road – Code 3)
  1. Better visibility approaching blind corners
  2. Improves visibility of your vehicle
  3. Provides more room for evasive action
     
  1. Simulator Introduction, Scenarios
  1. “Safety City”
  1. Contains signals, stop signs, yield signs
  2. Numerous uncontrolled intersections
  3. Variety of traffic (vehicle, bicycle, pedestrian, animal)
  1. Scenarios
  1. Pre-programmed set of circumstances                                                         I (a,b,c,d,e,f)
  2. Realistic driving situations (without risk)
  1. Normal “routine” driving
  2. Traffic stops
  3. Emergency (Code 3) responses
  4. Pursuits
  5. Not intended to replace “hands-on” EVOC training
  1. Progress from simple to complex
  2. Requires demonstration of knowledge of rules
  1. State laws governing emergency vehicles
  2. Agency policy
  3. Accepted standards and procedures
  1. Requires decision making skills
  2. Allows students to experience the consequences of their decisions
  1. Proper driving tactics and hazard recognition
  2. Replay of critical decision areas
  3. Response to hazards
  4. Collisions
  5. Tactical decisions at end of scenario
  1. Orientation (Scenarios chosen from POST list)
  1. Familiarization                                                                                                                     2
  2. Directed
  3. Follow
  4. Linked
     
  1. Defensive Driving                                                                                                    I (c)
  1. Defensive Drivers:
  1. Avoid collisions regardless of right-of-way
  2. Recognize hazards
  3. React properly to hazards
  4. Maintain a professional attitude
  5. Recognize dangerous driver attitudes
  1. Overconfidence
  2. Self-righteousness
  3. Impatience
  4. Pre-occupation
  1. Intersection Analysis
  1. Scan ahead for dangers
  2. Move vehicle to proper road position
  3. Travel at a speed safe for conditions
  4. Slow or stop, if necessary, to be safe
     
  1. Emergency Vehicle Operation                                                                                 I (f,h,j,k)
  1. Laws
  1. CA Vehicle Code 21052
  1. Non Code-3 driving
  2. Must obey all “rules of the road”
  1. CA Vehicle Code 21055
  1. Exempt from “rules of the road” for (FERP):
  1. Fire
  2. Emergency
  3. Rescue
  4. Pursuit
  1. Proper lighting
  2. Proper audio signal (siren)
  1. CA Vehicle Code 21056
  1. Drive with due regard for others
  2. Regardless of right-of-way issue
  1. CA Vehicle Code 21806
  1. Motorist duty to yield
  2. Knowledge of approach
  3. See light and hear siren
  1. CA Vehicle Code 21807
  1. Drive with due regard for safety (Code-3)
  1. Persons
  2. Property                                                                                                                 3
  1. Emergency Driving Policy and Procedures                                                   I (f,j,k)
  1. Legal Provisions
  1. State law
  2. Agency policy
  3. Case law
  1. Initiation of Pursuits
  1. Considerations
  1. Type of offense (Infraction/Misdemeanor?)
  2. Speeds involved
  3. Officer safety
  4. Public safety
  5. Traffic volume
  6. Time of day
  7. Weather/road conditions
  8. Familiarity with area
  1. Emotional Factors
  1. Siren syndrome (physiological)
  2. Adrenaline rush
  3. Tunnel vision
  4. Need for self-control
  5. Post-pursuit discipline
  1. Abandonment of Pursuits
  1. Decision to pursue is not irreversible
  2. Based upon all factors (past, current, and future)
  3. Unreasonable danger
     
  1. Vehicle Operation Tactics                                                                                       I (d,f,g,h,I,j,k)
  1. Pursuits
  1. Close distance before attempting stop
  1. Liability and immunity considerations
  1. Pursuits are following actions
  1. No caravanning by non-involved units
  2. No passing (unless requested)
  3. Space units to ensure safety
  1. Perception/reaction time
  2. Braking distance
  1. Roadblocks
  1. Generally ineffective
  2. Last resort
  1. Spike strips
  1. Time and availability of additional units
  2. Controlled direction of travel necessary
  3. Danger to pursuing units
  1. Offensive Tactics (Legal Intervention)
  1. Boxing in                                                                                                                      4
  2. Heading off
  3. Ramming
  4. Driving alongside
  5. P.I.T.
  6. Spike strips
  1. Blocking Intersections
  1. For officer and public safety
  2. Have coordination/communications between units
  3. No guarantee of safe access through intersection
  1. General Pursuit Considerations
  1. All persons involved are held accountable
  2. Balance need for apprehension vs. risk created
  1. Safety is priority
  1. Roll of supervisor is well defined and understood
  2. Primary and back-up unit only
  1. Unless more authorized
  1. Use air support whenever available
  2. Use of firearms limited to imminent danger (deadly force)
  1. Radio
  1. Broadcast while driving in a straight line
  2. Stay calm and speak clearly
  3. Make sure window is up
  1. Emergency (Code 3) Driving
  1. Intersections and Cross Traffic
  1. Observe cross street before entering (intersection analysis)
  2. Identify hazards and setup/move away from danger
  3. Slow or stop before entering intersection
  4. Look in all directions (left/right/left)
  5. Clear intersections lane by lane
  6. Both hands on steering wheel
  7. Prima facie speed limits
  1. Reasonable speeds (blind intersections – 15 mph)
  2. Stop if vision obscured (even on green lights if necessary)
  3. Per policy, 20 mph over posted speed limit
  1. Vary siren pitch when approaching (yelp)
  1. Passing Other Vehicles
  1. Allow motorists time to see/hear and react
  2. Pass on left (as long as safe)
  3. Stop, if necessary, to allow motorists to pull to right
  4. If you must pass to right, SLOW DOWN (10 mph or less), to allow for reaction time
  1. Use of MDT/Computer
  1. Stop in a safe place before using any equipment that requires you to take your eyes off the road for extended periods of time
  2. Use radio for communications of immediate nature
  3. Collisions while operating MDT/computer will usually be preventable                                   5
  1. Collision Avoidance
  1. Drive with anticipation, not automation
  2. Look through the turns before entry
  3. Consider steering behind (rear of) the moving vehicle
  4. Drive around the problem – don’t become part of it!
     
  1. Simulator Exercises                                                                         I (b)
  1. Scenarios chosen from California POST list
     
  1. Critique                                                                                                      I (b)
  1. Review and discuss learning methods